Dragos’ investigation shows that attackers used Claude Code and OpenAI GPT-4.1 to target the OT environment of a Mexican water company. Claude Code handled broad discovery, identifying vNode industrial gateways, researching vendor credentials, generating password lists, and executing password spraying, while GPT-4.1 handled structured data analysis and Spanish-language output.
Why it matters: Dragos reconstructed the full chain of how attackers used Claude Code and GPT-4.1 to conduct reconnaissance and password spraying against a Mexican water utility’s OT environment, showing how AI was actually divided across the intrusion lifecycle.